UNGYO |
AGYO |
These benevolent guardian kings, Nio, have their origin in Hinduism, but have been thoroughly incorporated into the Japanese Buddhist pantheon.
Agyo is depicted with his mouth open, while Unyo has a closed mouth. Although there are various explanations for this, it is generally considered that the open mouth represents birth, and the closed mouth represents death. For an excellent discussion of these Nio, see Onmark Production's pages on Japanese Buddhist Statuary.
Chuzenji Temple, established in 784 but relocated in 1902, overlooks Lake Chuzenji, the highest lake in Japan at nearly 4,200 feet.
The Nikko Tourist Association offers this brief description of the temple.
"Priest Shoto established Chuzenji Temple for the purpose of training in 784. That shrine was located near the gate of Mt. Nantai at the first time. However, it was moved to Utagahama after the tidal wave in 1902. There are 33 spiritual places in Kanto region, where monks visit. Chuzenji Temple is one of these 33, and monks visit there as the 18th place in order. Unique Buddhist images are enshrined in this place such as Tachiki kannon goddess of mercy and Hashiri-daikokuten wealthy god."
How to describe Lake Chuzenji? Sparkling like a diamond in the summer with traditional archers aiming for floating targets, tourists on paddle boats, but also secluded and tranquil in winter, venerated as a spiritual center for thousands of years, a mystical aura that attracts hundreds of pilgrims and hikers to the slopes of Mt. Nantai.
Mt. Nantai, a significant landmark mountain in central Japan, towers to a height of 8,156 feet, almost 4,000 feet above Lake Chuzenji. It is thought that the lake was formed as long as 20,000 years ago, but there is some evidence that Mt. Nantai itself may still be "active" with eruptions as recent as 7,000 years ago.
This area is sometimes called "Inner Nikko" part of Nikko National Park. The famed Nikko Shrine, with its sprawling grounds and the "Three Monkeys" is further down the mountain, but not continuing up to this area would be a great mistake. At the south end of the lake is its only outlet, cascading down the slope to form the dramatic Kegon Falls.